How to Control a Single-Phase Motor from Multiple Locations?

Controlling the ON-OFF Operation of a 1-Phase Motor from Multiple Places using Contactor and Pushbuttons

In large industrial and commercial premises, there are scenarios where we need to control a three-phase or single-phase motor from different locations. Similarly, we may need to control a water pump motor from different places in domestic and home applications.  In the following wiring tutorial, we will discuss how to control the starting and stopping operations of a single-phase motor from different locations using a contactor and push-button switches, with the help of power and control circuit diagrams.

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Components Needed

1. Single-Phase Motor
2. Contactor
3. Thermal overload Relay)
4. 1-P & 2P-MCB
5. 3 Nos. of NO/NC Pushbuttons
6. Single Phase Supply
7. Wires & Cables

Control Wiring Diagram

Wiring the Control Circuit

Power Circuit:

1. Wire and connect the L1 and L3 terminals of the contactor to the 2-pole MCB via Phase and Line wires.
2. Connect a 2-pole MCB to the single-phase 120V to 230V power supply, mainly from the 120V-240V panel, 230V consumer unit or distribution board.
3. Wire and connect the L1 and L3 terminals of the contactor to the output of the 2-pole MCB via Phase and Line wires. Keep in mind that the O/L relay is already connected to the contactor.
4. Connect the T1 and T3 terminals of the overload relay to the “L” and “N” terminals of the single-phase motor.
5. Connect the earth/ground wire to the motor terminal for proper protection.

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• How to Start & Stop a 3-Phase Motor from Multiple Locations?
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Control Circuit:

1. Connect a wire to the first terminal of each start pushbutton (local and remote). Now, connect this wire to the 13-NO terminal of the contactor. Add a jumper wire between the 13-NO and A1 terminals of the contactor.
2. Connect a wire to the second terminal of each start pushbutton (local and remote). Now, connect this wire to the 95-NC terminal of the thermal overload relay.
3. Connect all three local and remote stop pushbuttons in series to the 95-NC terminal of the thermal O/L. Then, connect a wire from the last stop pushbutton to the 14-NO terminal of the contactor.

Working of the Circuit

• When the operator presses the local start pushbutton, the contacts close, leading to the energization of the contactor. Thus, the motor starts to run.
• When the operator presses the local stop pushbutton, the contacts open, returning to their initial state. This way, the contactor de-energizes, and the motor stops.
• The same process applies to all the additional remote pushbuttons installed in different locations to control the motor from various places.
• Due to the interlocking mechanism, only one operation (either stopping or starting) can be performed at a time. This prevents damage to the circuit and avoids overheating/burning the connected motor.

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