Formula and Equations For Inductor and Inductance
Inductor and Inductance Formulas and Equations
The following formulas and equations can be used to calculate the inductance and related quantities of different shapes of inductors as follow.
Inductance of Inductor:
The inductance of the inductor from the basic formula of inductor:
Voltage across Inductor:
Current of the Inductor:
Where
- V is the voltage across inductor
- L is the inductance of the inductor in Henry
- Di/dt is the instantaneous rate of current change through the inductor.
- ito = current at time t = 0.
Reactance of the Inductor:
Inductive reactance is the opposition of inductor to alternating current AC, which depends on its frequency f and is measured in Ohm just like resistance. Inductive reactance is calculated using:
XL = ωL = 2πfL
Where
- XL is the Inductive reactance
- f is the applied frequency
- L is the Inductance in Henry
Quality Factor of Inductor:
The efficiency of the inductor is known as quality factor & its measured by:
QF = XL/ESR
Where
- XL is the Inductive reactance
- ESR is the equivalent series resistance of the circuit.
Dissipation Factor of Inductor:
It is the inverse of the quality factor and it shows the power dissipation inside the inductor & its given by:
DF = tan δ = ESR/XL
Where
- DF is the dissipation factor
- δ is the angle between capacitive reactance victor & negative axis.
- XC is the capacitive reactance
- ESR is the equivalent series resistance of the circuit.
Energy Stored in an Inductor:
The energy E stored in inductor is given by:
E = ½ Li2
Where
- E is the energy in joules
- L is the inductance in Henry
- i is the current in Amps
Related Posts:
Average Power of Inductor
The average power for the inductor is given by:
Pav = Li2 / 2t
Where
- t = is the time in seconds.
Inductor Current During Charge / Discharge:
Just like capacitor, the inductor takes up to 5 time constant to fully charge or discharge, during this time the current can be calculated by:
During Charging:
Instantaneous current of the inductor during charging is given by:
During Discharging:
The current during the discharging at any time t is given by:
Where
- IC is the current of the inductor
- I0 is the current at time t=0
- t is the time passed after supplying current.
- τ = L/R is the time constant of the RL circuit
Related Posts:
Inductance Formulas
Helical Coil Inductance “Wheeler’s Formula”
Where:
- L is the inductance
- R is the radius
- n is the number of turns
- h is the height
Spiral Coil Inductance Formula
Where:
- OR is the outermost radius in inches
- IR is the innermost radius in inches
Spiral Coil Wire Length Formula
Conical Coil Inductance Formula
Where:
- θ is the angle outside the cone, (assume θ ≈ 15°)
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